The Gemini 8 Flight Journal
Gemini 8
Part 18: Preparing for Retro
Corrected Transcript and Commentary Copyright © 2025 by Tracy L. Scott and W. David Woods. All rights reserved.
Last updated 2025-09-09
1966-03-16, 7:17 pm This is Gemini Control, Houston. 8 hours, 36 minutes into the flight of Gemini 8. We've had no further voice contact with the spacecraft since it left the Rose Knot area some 10 to 15 minutes ago, and we do not expect any further conversation until the spacecraft is over the Coastal Sentry Quebec which should occur at 8 hours and 52 minutes into the flight. At last reports the Agena was in a stable attitude, I repeat the Agena was in a stable attitude and tracking placed it about 5 miles ahead and below, earlier Neil Armstrong had said about a mile below the Gemini 8 spacecraft. We are also advised by the Recovery Forces that the plan is to take the crew to Naha in Okinawa and they will be billeted there for all the post flight checks. Again the retrofire time is to be 10 hours, 4 minutes into the flight. The splash taking place 32 minutes after retrofire, that to occur in area 7-3, an area 500 miles east of Okinawa. The weather out there in that area is outstanding, waves only 3 feet, visibility 10 miles and they will come down in a daylight situation. Local time will be approximate 12:30. Two airplanes are on their way there, a destroyer is on its way there. In addition, a third airplane, an amphibian capable of landing on the water if necessary is also being sent there from Naha. This is Gemini Control, Houston.
1966-03-16, 7:33 pm This is Gemini Control, Houston. Additional recovery information has been forwarded to us. We now estimate it will be about three hours after spacecraft landing that the destroyer Mason will be on the scene. While the spacecraft lands, one C-54 should have already been on the scene for some 20 minutes. It will be overhead. It is equipped to pick up electronic signals as the spacecraft reenters and in general we will get most of our information from that airplane. Most likely that will be patched back through Japan and across the Pacific. A second C-54 should be there some 20 to 25 minutes after landing, along with that amphibian aircraft we mentioned earlier. The retrofire itself which is programmed to take place at 8:46 CST, ten hours and 4 minutes of elapsed time into the mission, will take place over south central Africa according to present estimates. Meanwhile here in the Contro1 Center, Capsule Communicator Jim Lovell and backup crew members Pete Conrad and Dick Gordon, are going over the reentry checklist which will be checked out very carefully with the crew. I want to emphasize that there may be considerable communications difficulties in that landing area. We are counting heavily on that relay into Japan, but at best they will be marginal. So post landing information may be a little slow in coming, but we will do our best. At 8 hours and 53 minutes into the mission, this is Gemini Control, Houston.
SC: [PAO transcript only] We have a GMT in solid, transmitted AC& lights on.
CSQ CC: [PAO transcript only] Roger.
Houston Flight: During your pass, if you have time you can ask the crew - advise the crew that you have turned the ACQ lights, On, and we'd like them to see if they can pick up the Agena.
CSQ CC: We're still trying to get a position to determine if we have any recontact problems on retro.
Houston Flight: Roger.
008:52:59 CSQ CC: Gemini VIII, CSQ. Comm check. How do you read?
008:53:02 Scott: Read you loud and clear. How us?
008:53:05 CSQ CC: We read you loud and clear. We have a new T
R and Load for you.
008:53:09 Scott: Okay. The T
R we have is counting up.
008:53:13 CSQ CC: Say again.
008:53:14 Scott: The T
R we have is counting up.
008:53:18 CSQ CC: The T
R you've got is counting up. The one we've got is counting down, so don't sweat it. Verify that Module 4A is loaded.
008:53:28 Scott: We loaded it and verified it. [garble].
008:53:33 CSQ CC: Okay. Is your Pre-Retro Check List complete?
008:53:38 Scott: We just finished it up; continuing stowage procedure.
008:53:39 CSQ CC: Okay. What about your left Secondary O
2? Verify that it is open.
008:53:47 Scott: [Garble.]
008:53:48 CSQ CC: Okay. I'm about to transmit a T
R to you.
008:53:54 Scott: Okay. Go ahead. Got it.
008:53:59 CSQ CC: Roger. Verified on the ground. Transmitting a Load.
008:54:15 Scott: [Garble.]
Houston Flight: CSQ CapCom, we want to go ahead and have you transmit the TR. Have you transmitted the TR?
CSQ CC: Affirmative.
Houston Flight: Is it counting down properly?
CSQ CC: Roger.
Houston Flight: Okay.
008:54:23 CSQ CC: Okay. I have some MDIU quantities for you. First of all let's see the [garble] message.
008:54:30 Scott: [Garble.]
008:54:33 Scott: Stand by a second.
008:54:41 Armstrong: The T
R is [garble].
008:54:44 CSQ CC: Okay. Area 7-3: GET RC, 10:04:47; RET, 400K, 22 plus 02; RET RB, 28 plus 15; bank left 50, bank right 60. Did you copy?
008:55:30 Armstrong: Roger. Understand. Area 7-3: GET RC, 10:04:47; RET 400K, 22 plus 02; RET RB, 28 plus 15; bank left 50, right 60.
008:55:48 CSQ CC: Roger. I have some MDIU cores for you.
008:55:52 Armstrong: Go ahead.
008:55:54 CSQ CC: Core 03, 33649; Core 04, 64690; Core 65, 01059; Core 66, 65460; Core 07, 34726; Core 08, 40866; Core 09, 31745; Core 10, 02510; Core 11, 13600. Do you copy?
008:57:13 Scott: Roger. Was that third one 654 or 054?
008:57:19 Scott: Okay. Coming back at you: 03, 33649; 04, 64690; 65, 01059; [garble], 07, 34726; 08, 40866; 09, 31745; 10, 02510; 11, 13600.
008:58:03 CSQ CC: Okay. One correction there. That Core 66, 65460.
008:58:12 Scott: Roger. 65460.
008:58:15 CSQ CC: That's affirmative.
008:58:16 Scott: How about 669?
008:58:27 CSQ CC: Will you verify that your T
R-256 circuit breaker is closed?
008:58:34 Scott: It's open at the present time.
008:58:36 CSQ CC: Okay. Would you close it?
008:58:37 Scott: Okay. Coming closed.
008:58:43 CSQ CC: Okay. We'd like to know what you'd prefer - what Attitude Control Mode you'd prefer at Retrofire.
008:58:54 Scott: I guess we don't have any choice. Okay. We'll try the ACME and if that works we'll go to Rate Command on the RCS. Okay. We'll align the Platform.
008:59:09 CSQ CC: Okay. Have you performed the evaluation on the RCS in the ACME position?
008:59:13 Scott: We're completing our re-stowage. The re-stowage is essentially completed at this time. It will be, for all practical purposes, the same as the launch configuration, or at least [garble].
008:59:26 CSQ CC: Okay. We want you to set your Event Timer to 15 minutes and RKV will get a count-in for you.
008:59:37 Scott: CSQ CC. Now what was that Retrofire time again?
008:59:41 CSQ CC: Okay. GET RC, 10:04:47.
008:59:52 Scott: Okay. About an hour from now. [Garble].
008:59:57 CSQ CC: I can give you RKV acquisition time, if you'd like.
009:00:01 Armstrong: Yes. Go ahead, please.
009:00:05 CSQ CC: Okay. 09:44:37.
009:00:09 Scott: Roger. How about a GET time hack?
009:00:12 CSQ CC: Okay. We'll give you the GET time hack at 09:01:00.
009:00:20 Scott: [Garble.]
009:00:30 CSQ CC: Let me give you a Mark at 45. We're about to have LOS.
009:00:46 Scott: We're with you.
009:00:50 CSQ CC: We'll pass up the IVIs, MIs and update the channel and all that jazz fram RKV.
CSQ CC: Flight, CSQ. We've lost all parameters and flight contact with the crew.
CSQ CC: Houston Flight, CSQ CapCom.
Houston Flight: Go ahead CSQ.
CSQ CC: Roger, I can barely read you, we passed up everything except the mission instructions in regard to the IVIs and - RPA and the black out.
Houston Flight: Roger, we'll pick that up at Hawaii. How do your systems look?
CSQ CC: Okay, we verify...
1966-03-16, 7:33 pm This is Gemini Control, Houston. We're 9 hours, 2 minutes into the flight and we just concluded the pass from Gemini 8 over the Coastal Sentry Quebec. This was the point, where about two hours ago, we first - got our first reports of trouble. The trouble itself apparently started at 7 hours into the mission. Neil was over the CSQ about 20 to 25 minutes later, at which time he advised us of it. We would like to play for you now the tape conversation over the CSQ, which is primarily passing up the retro fire times, all the values they'll need onboard to do a controlled reentry. Here's that tape.
009:10:30 Hawaii CC: Gemini VIII, Hawaii CapCom.
009:10:35 Armstrong: Go ahead, Hawaii. Gemini VIII.
009:10:40 Hawaii CC: Roger. The Agena Acquisition lights have been turned on and if you happen to see it we'd like an estimate on its position.
009:10:48 Armstrong: Roger. Understand.
009:10:52 Hawaii CC: And also we would like to know if you have verified the Rate Command Mode. Over.
009:10:56 Armstrong: Affirmative. We have verified the Rate Command Mode.
009:10:59 Hawaii CC: Roger. And I have some Reentry data when you are ready to copy.
009:11:05 Armstrong: Go ahead.
009:11:08 Hawaii CC: Roger. The IVI: aft, 292; left-right, 0; up-down, 100.
009:11:23 Scott: Is that up or down?
009:11:25 Hawaii CC: That should be down.
009:11:26 Hawaii CC: That's 110 [garble] up.
009:11:28 Scott: Aft 292, down 100.
009:11:29 Hawaii CC: Correction. That's 110 up.
009:11:30 Scott: No! Down!
009:11:44 Hawaii CC: That is probably 110 down.
009:11:45 Hawaii CC: Okay. That's correct, Gemini. It was corrected by Flight, that it is down.
009:11:51 Hawaii CC: Okay. R
N, R
P, plus 77, pitch angle at 400 foot nominal; correction, 400K foot nominal; RET 400K feet, 22 plus 02; beginning of blackout, 24 plus 43; end of blackout, 30 plus 01; Drogue Chute, 31 plus 37; Main Chute, 32 plus 58. And I have your recovery area weather and so forth for you, if you're ready to copy.
009:12:42 Scott: Let me read these back to you. R
N minus R
P, plus 77; pitch for 400K, nominal; RET 400K, 22 plus 02; ETO, 24 plus 43; end blackout, 30 plus 01; Drogue, 31 plus 37; Main, 32 plus 58.
009:13:05 Hawaii CC: That's correct.
009:13:10 Scott: Okay. I'm ready for the rest of it.
009:13:11 Hawaii CC: Stand by one.
009:13:25 Hawaii CC: Gemini VIII. R
N minus R
P plus 77 is at a bank angle of 50.
009:13:35 Scott: Roger. Read you. Bank angle is 50.
009:13:39 Hawaii CC: I understand you're ready to copy your landing.
009:13:42 Scott: Go ahead.
009:13:44 Hawaii CC: Roger. 5,000 scattered; winds northwest 10; wave height 3 feet; altimeter 29.86; recovery forces call sign: Naha Rescue 1, GMT 02:58; Naha Search 1, GMT 03:44; USS Mason destroyer, no ETA; spacecraft sunrise at elapsed time of 10:08:40; dark horizon at Retrofire. A light horizon at 400K. And your on-board - correction - your on-board curve for computing backup bank angles and your initial downrange deflection are valid. Do you copy?
009:14:55 Scott: Okay. Understand. Start Retrofire, [garble] sunrise 10:08:40. And understand copy the weather, the altimeter 29.86, Recovery Naha Rescue 1 at a GMT of 02:58; Naha Search 1 at a GMT of 03:44; Destroyer Mason, no ETA.
009:15:24 Hawaii CC: That is all correct. That's Naha Search 1.
009:15:29 Scott: Okay. Understand.
009:15:48 Hawaii CC: Gemini VIII, Hawaii. I have an ETA on the USS Mason.
009:15:55 Scott: Go ahead.
009:15:56 Hawaii CC: That's GMT 06:54.
009:16:15 Hawaii CC: Be advised that the MDI readouts confirm your OAMS good.
009:16:37 Hawaii CC: Gemini VIII, Hawaii.
009:16:40 Scott: Go ahead.
009:16:42 Hawaii CC: Roger. Have you checked Reentry Rate Command Mode? Over.
009:16:48 Scott: No, not yet, but we will.
009:16:50 Hawaii CC: Roger. Copy.
009:17:07 Hawaii CC: VIII...
009:17:22 Hawaii CC: Gemini VIII, we have nothing further. We are standing by.
009:17:26 Scott: Roger. We have our yaw control back now. We just regained Yaw Mode Rate Command and Reentry Rate Command.
009:17:34 Hawaii CC: Wonderful!
009:17:56 Armstrong: You understand we do have OAMS now to align the Platform with?
009:18:02 Hawaii CC: Copy. You have OAMS to align Platform. Is that affirm?
009:18:05 Armstrong: That's right. We have - we do have OAMS.
009:18:07 Hawaii CC: Very good. Thank you.
009:19:19 Scott: Give me Scanner-Primary.
009:19:21 Scott: The OAMS Attitude Control Power-On.
009:19:29 Scott: Okay. You want to go to BEF now or stick with this ?
009:19:31 Scott: It's off.
009:19:40 Armstrong: [Garble.]
009:19:48 Armstrong: Say, we're in pretty good shape here [garble].
009:19:50 Armstrong: We're about ready to start alignment.
009:19:51 Scott: What does the Check List say?
009:19:55 Armstrong: Skip that - let's get on down the line.
009:19:57 Armstrong: FDM - Rate
009:20:05 Armstrong: Attitude Control-Direct
009:20:10 Armstrong: [Garble] Control [garble].
009:20:19 Armstrong: Control spacecraft Attitude to 0, 180, 0.
Scott: We don't want to hit the adapter.
009:20:24 Armstrong: That's dangerous, isn't it?
009:20:25 Scott: Yes ....
009:20:26 Scott: I'd leave it alone.
009:20:28 Armstrong: [Garble.]
009:20:31 Armstrong: Okay. Control spacecraft Attitude to 0, 180, 0. Attitude Control, Horizon-Scan.
009:20:45 Scott: When platform has caged, then go to BEF [garble].
009:20:48 Armstrong: What?
009:20:50 Scott: Has caged.
009:20:58 Armstrong: FDR-Plat; FDM-ATT
009:21:04 Armstrong: [Garble] Attitude Control-Plat and then align Platform.
009:21:14 Scott: Okay. Store equipment according to Reentry Stowage Chart.
009:21:31 Armstrong: Stowed.
009:21:34 Armstrong: We aren't going to put it in.
009:21:40 Armstrong: Survival lanyard - Install.
009:21:45 Scott: Go ahead, Flight.
009:21:48 CC: Connect shoulder harness and lap belt.
009:22:00 Scott: Okay. Stick in a new voice tape, it says here.
009:22:05 Armstrong: Do you have one?
009:22:12 Scott: I'll get you one.
009:22:14 Armstrong: Left Secondary O
2 Bottle - Open.
009:22:16 Scott: Okay. It's open.
009:22:18 Armstrong: That goes over here.
009:22:22 Armstrong: [Garble] to Open.
009:22:28 Scott: It's Open.
009:22:33 Armstrong: Okay. Left circuit breaker's - Closed.
009:22:42 Scott: Yes, it's Closed.
009:22:43 Armstrong: T
R - 256 Circuit Breaker - Closed.
009:22:48 Scott: It's Closed.
009:22:50 Armstrong: ATT IND - with FDIs.
1966-03-16, 8:03 pm This is Gemini Control, Houston; 9 hours, 22 minutes into the flight of Gemini 8, and in the last few minutes we did hear briefly from the spacecraft as it passed through the Hawaii area of contact. The crew was passed up additional retro information and toward the end of the very brief period we were in contact, Neil Armstrong was running through some control mode checks in the spacecraft and he reported one of the happier pieces of news we have heard in some time, that is, that he now has yaw control back on his Orbital Attitude Maneuvering System. This was the system that he reported earlier was inoperative after backing off the Agena. He did report, however, just a minute or two ago - I timed it at 9 hours and 17 minutes into the mission - that he did have OAMS control again. This will be of help to him in lining up his platform and preparing for his retrofire maneuver which is to take place at 20 degrees longitude and approximately 0 degrees latitude over Africa. We will attempt to monitor it via the Kano, Nigeria station although we have no great hopes of picking up the signal. That's slightly outside the ring of acquisition for Kano. Again, the weather out in the recovery zone continues good. Our maps here show there will be at least six hours of daylight after splash, which is helpful, wave heights as we reported earlier are only three feet, and all in all, we look pr&ty good. We'll be coming up probably in a few minutes after the Rose Knot Victor talks to them, which acquisition should take place at 9 hours and 44 minutes into the mission, some 20 minutes from now. This is Gemini Control, Houston.
009:23:00 Scott: Okay. Now the RCS Check, and I guess you've done that already?
009:23:01 Armstrong: I haven't done the A-Ring. I will.
009:23:07 Armstrong: I'll wait to align for a while.
009:23:26 Armstrong: [Garble] Control Power, Platform Orbit Rate and stable; RCS Pressure, Attitude Control back on, Platform BEF. The BIT time is 15 minutes - the BIT time on the steam valve. Got that?
009:23:41 Scott: Got that.
009:23:50 Scott: Faceplate - closed.
009:24:00 Armstrong: We'll remember to do that a little later.
009:24:01 Scott: Yes. Okay. All the Overhead circuit breakers - Closed?
009:24:04 Armstrong: Roger.
009:24:07 Scott: Both Coolant Loops - On.
009:24:08 Armstrong: Roger.
009:24:19 Scott: Do you want to go to Primary ACME logic and Primary Bias power and all that jazz?
009:24:31 Armstrong: We're going to leave it alone.
009:24:38 Armstrong: I think we'll leave it where it is.
009:24:43 Scott: That's not been working.
009:24:44 Armstrong: Yes. Fans 1 and 2.
009:24:50 Scott: We'd better do that.
009:24:55 Armstrong: Yes.
009:24:57 Scott: Oh, oh! Sequence System circuit breaker popped!
009:25:05 Armstrong: There they go.
009:25:09 Armstrong: I'll reset.
009:25:12 Scott: Boy! Lately we're having a lot of circuit breakers pop!
009:25:19 Scott: C - Reentry, Continuous.
009:25:29 Scott: T/M, Real-Time; ACQ-Aid and Antenna-Select, Reentry.
009:25:30 Armstrong: To what?
009:26:26 Scott: Reentry.
009:26:29 Scott: Check my batteries.
009:28:07 CC: Might as well pull the HF antenna in, Gemini.
009:28:45 Scott: Exterior lights, Off.
009:28:55 Scott: Okay. We're ready for T
R minus 15.
009:29:07 Armstrong: Okay. I'd like to have same of those numbers.
009:29:08 Scott: Yes. The GET RC is 10:04:47.
009:29:10 Armstrong: Okay.
009:29:20 Scott: 400K is 22 plus 02.
009:29:24 Armstrong: All right.
009:29:26 Scott: Bank left 50; bank right 60.
009:29:33 Armstrong: Okay.
009:29:38 Scott: RET RB, 28 plus 15.
009:29:40 Armstrong: Okay.
009:29:41 Scott: Begin blackout 24 plus 43.
009:29:50 Scott: End blackout, 30 plus 01; Drogue, 31 plus 37; Main, 32 plus 58; and sunrise 1 minute after Retrofire.
009:30:09 Armstrong: Okay. Wonder where the Agena is?
009:30:45 Armstrong: Let's see - turn radar on; we might get a range.
009:30:52 Scott: We couldn't.
009:31:21 Armstrong: Oh, let's see - one other thing. Do you have those coordinates for the landing point?
009:31:31 Scott: 136 east, I think.
009:31:52 Scott: All we have is 45-1, 16-1.
009:32:02 Armstrong: No, it's not that. The ones they gave you.
009:32:04 Scott: [Garble]. Stand by.
009:32:07 Scott: That core.
009:32:08 Armstrong: Yes, that's right.
009:32:09 Scott: 50, 10, and 11. Right?
009:32:19 Armstrong: Yes, Yes! 25:10, 25.
009:32:22 Scott: And 13600.
009:32:24 Armstrong: 1 - it's what? 36?
009:32:31 Armstrong: Sure enough.
009:32:38 Scott: It's right where they said it would be.
009:32:43 Armstrong: 7-3 comes right in there in the middle.
009:32:55 Armstrong: That was -3. That was the third choice, remote areas.
009:33:40 Armstrong: See if you can get [garble].
009:33:48 Scott: I'll have to search awhile.
009:33:50 Armstrong: What?
009:33:52 Scott: I'll have to search awhile.
009:36:07 Armstrong: Did you get the call signs and all that jazz?
009:36:10 Scott: Yes. Naha Rescue 1 and Naha Search 1.
009:36:12 Armstrong: They should be there about the time we're there - scheduled.
009:36:16 Scott: Sounds like them now.
009:36:20 Armstrong: Okinawa.
009:36:25 Armstrong: Okinawa.
009:37:48 Armstrong: Well, I'd like to argue with them, about the going home, but I don't know how we can.
009:38:02 Armstrong: I'd hate to land way out in the wilderness.
009:40:07 Armstrong: Oh, shoot!
009:40:09 Scott: Shoulder harness?
009:40:12 Armstrong: I've got a cramp in my shoulder.
009:40:48 Armstrong: Do you want any more water before we go down?
009:40:52 Scott: Yes. Say, we'd better stow that thing!
009:41:48 Scott: Got yours hooked up?
009:41:50 Armstrong: Yes.
009:41:52 Armstrong: Install voice tape?
009:42:06 Armstrong: Then down to T
R-1.
009:44:46 RKV CC: Gemini VIII, RKV CapCom.
009:44:49 Scott: Go ahead.
009:44:54 RKV CC: Roger. Gemini VIII, we have a medical update for you. Number 1 is drink water before and after Retrofire. Item 2, take one tablet Merazine. Code Alpha prior to Retrofire. If you leave spacecraft, leave the medical kit alone. Do you copy?
009:45:26 Scott: Okay [garble].
009:45:28 RKV CC: Negative.
009:45:30 Armstrong: [Garble.]
009:45:35 RKV CC: [Garble] RET 400K for you.
009:45:37 RKV CC: RET of 100K - RET of 100K is 30 plus 38.
009:45:55 Scott: Understand. Thank you. [Garble].
009:45:59 RKV CC: Roger. Have you completed your Preretro Check List?
009:46:02 Scott: Roger. We have.
009:46:04 RKV CC: Roger. What is your evaluation of the Reentry Rate Command?
009:46:10 Scott: It looks good.
009:46:14 RKV CC: Roger. Understand.
009:46:25 RKV CC: Roger, Gemini VIII. And on this medical update, if you do leave the spacecraft, you should take the medical kit along with you.
009:46:38 Scott: Affirmative.
009:46:47 Scott: [Garble.]
009:46:51 RKV CC: That's affirmative. Roger.
009:47:05 RKV CC: Gemini VIII, they'll be talking to you over Ascension. Ascension acquisition time is 09:52:10.
009:47:38 Scott: That should be in a couple of minutes.
009:47:46 RKV CC: Roger. That's affirmative. 2 minutes.
009:48:05 Unidentified speaker: Okay. The Agena looks real stable. ACS gas pressure remains approximately 200 pounds.
009:48:37 RKV CC: Gemini VIII, RKV. Have you seen anything of the Agena as yet?
009:48:42 Scott: Negative, and we have our radar on and it hasn't picked up a lock-on. We haven't seen anything, Flight.
009:48:52 RKV CC: You have about one minute to go.
009:49:37 RKV CC: 10 seconds, 3, 2, 1...
009:49:49 Armstrong: Got it.
009:49:52 RKV CC: Roger. And be advised that your T
R on the spacecraft is in sync.
009:50:02 Armstrong: Understand.
009:50:09 Armstrong: Roger. Will you give me another hack at 14 minutes?
009:50:13 RKV CC: Roger. We're getting close to LOS. We'll give it a try.
009:50:33 Armstrong: Go ahead.
009:50:41 RKV CC: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1...
009:50:43 RKV CC: Mark. 14 minutes.
009:50:47 Armstrong: Got it.
009:50:53 Armstrong: Thank you, Flight.